Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. It occurs when skin cells grow uncontrollably, leading to the formation of tumours. The key to successfully treating skin cancer lies in early detection. By recognising the signs, individuals can seek treatment before the condition progresses. If you’re wondering what does skin cancer look like, this detailed guest post will guide you through how to identify it, what it typically looks like, and the warning signs to watch for.
What is Skin Cancer?
Before diving into what skin cancer looks like, it’s essential to understand what cancer is. Cancer refers to the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. These cells can form masses or tumors and invade surrounding tissues. Skin cancer arises from the skin cells and is typically caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds.
What Does Skin Cancer Look Like? Types of Skin Cancer
There are three main types of skin cancer, each with distinct visual characteristics. Here’s a quick look at how they appear:
1. Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer. It usually looks like a small, shiny, or pearly bump on the skin. Over time, it may develop into a scaly patch with raised edges or open sores that do not heal. The color can range from pale or translucent to reddish-brown. BCC typically appears on areas that are frequently exposed to the sun, like the face, ears, and neck.
2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
Squamous cell carcinoma often appears as a red, scaly, or crusty patch on the skin. In some cases, it may form a hard, raised nodule. Unlike BCC, SCC is more likely to spread to other parts of the body if left untreated. It commonly occurs on sun-exposed areas such as the face, hands, ears, and arms.
3. Melanoma
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. It often appears as a dark, irregularly shaped mole or spot on the skin. These moles typically have uneven borders, a mix of colors, and can be larger than the size of a pencil eraser. Melanoma can develop anywhere on the body, even in areas not directly exposed to the sun. It’s crucial to be aware of any changes in existing moles or the sudden appearance of new growths on the skin.
Recognising the ABCDE Rule for Melanoma
For those concerned about melanoma, the ABCDE rule is an easy-to-remember guideline for identifying suspicious moles or spots:
- A – Asymmetry: The shape of one half of the mole does not match the other half.
- B – Border Irregularity: The edges of the mole are uneven or jagged.
- C – Colour Variation: There are different colors within the mole, such as shades of brown, black, or even red.
- D – Diameter: The mole is larger than 6mm in diameter (about the size of a pencil eraser).
- E – Evolving: The mole changes in size, shape, or color over time.
If a mole exhibits one or more of these characteristics, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider promptly.
Other Warning Signs to Look For
Aside from moles, skin cancer can also manifest as other types of skin growths or changes. Look out for the following:
- New Growth: Any new, unusual growth on the skin, especially if it looks different from other moles or spots, should be checked.
- Bleeding or Oozing: If a mole or lesion starts bleeding, oozing, or becomes crusty, it could indicate a serious problem.
- Persistent Itching or Pain: A mole that continuously itches or hurts may be a sign of skin cancer, particularly melanoma.
- Changes in Existing Moles: Moles that change in size, shape, or colour or become irregular in appearance need immediate attention.
What to Do If You Notice Changes in Your Skin?
If you spot any of these signs or notice a suspicious spot, it’s important not to ignore it. The first step should be to schedule a visit with a dermatologist. Dermatologists specialise in diagnosing and treating skin conditions, including skin cancer. Early diagnosis is essential to effective treatment and a better chance of recovery.
Skin Cancer Prevention
While some factors like genetics cannot be controlled, taking steps to protect the skin from UV exposure can help prevent skin cancer. Here are some tips:
- Wear sunscreen: Apply broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 every two hours when outdoors.
- Seek shade: Avoid direct sunlight, especially between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. when the sun’s rays are the strongest.
- Cover up: Wear protective clothing, a wide-brimmed hat, and sunglasses when out in the sun.
- Avoid tanning beds. Tanning beds expose the skin to harmful UV radiation, increasing the risk of skin cancer.
Conclusion
Skin cancer can appear in various forms, and knowing what skin cancer looks like is essential for early detection. To better understand what is cancer, it’s important to recognize that it involves the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells, including those in the skin. By staying alert to changes in the skin and following simple prevention steps, individuals can reduce their risk and catch skin cancer in its early stages. If you notice any unusual growths or changes on your skin, don’t hesitate to consult a dermatologist. The earlier skin cancer is detected, the better the chance of successful treatment.
