Among the most popular electrical installations we find medium and low voltage networks . However, each of them has completely different purposes.
If we focus on low voltage electrical installations, these types of networks are usually used for private consumption, while low voltage networks are intended for installations that require more power.
In this post by Madison Electric, experts in industrial electrical installations , we tell you everything you need to know about the classification of low voltage electrical installations and how to carry out a correct installation. Keep reading to find out more!
What are low voltage electrical installations?
Low voltage electrical systems have a power of less than 1,000 volts, which is equivalent to 1 kV. This is a very common type of installation, as it is used in any home, outdoor lighting or business, among many other places.
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The operation of this type of electric current consists of two points that differ from each other in their power in volts. Both are connected through an electrical energy conductor, forming electrons (a particle with a negative electrical charge). One of these points with a higher voltage transfers the energy to the other point through the conductor, until they reach the point where both have the same electrical energy.
How to make a low voltage electrical installation
The work process that must be followed to carry out a correct low voltage electrical installation consists of several steps that must be followed one by one:
Have the relevant technical documentation
The ITC-BT-04 states in article 18 of the Low Voltage Regulation (RBT) what technical documentation is required for installations to be legally put into service , as well as how they must be processed before the corresponding body of the Administration. For the installation, either the project or the Technical Design Report (MTD) can be requested.
Run the installation
All installations must be carried out by authorized installation companies referred to in the Low Voltage Electrotechnical Regulations and its complementary technical instruction ITC-BT-03.
Check and inspect if the installation is correct
There are two types of tests that all installations must undergo. The first are the pre-commissioning checks, which allow the installer to ensure that their work complies with the standards for industrial electrical installations in terms of operation and safety. Secondly, there are inspections, which must be carried out by the public body. Which check that the installation meets the necessary requirements to operate.
Issue the electrical installation certificate
Once the low voltage electrical installation has been carried out and before it is put into operation. The electrical installer is obliged to issue a certificate to carry out the work authorisation procedures . There is no single document, but each Autonomous Community prepares its own.
Process the installation
All electrical installations must be carried out by authorized installation companies, as specified in ITC-BT-03.
Attach the instructions to the installation user
Finally, each low voltage electrical installation must be accompanied by general. Instructions for its correct use and maintenance , in addition to the documents corresponding to the installation. In our blog we explain what electrical maintenance is .
Classification of low voltage electrical installations
Low voltage electrical installations are only used in devices with functional insulation, i.e. In places with high conductivity such as ovens, tanks or boilers, for example. In this sense, the lower the voltage of the electrical system, the greater its safety.
Within low voltage electrical systems, we can find several types:
- Generation systems. These types of systems are characterized by other forms of energy. That is, those that generate an electromotive force or induced voltage. That is transformed into electrical energy.
- Transformer installations. With transformer installations, after modifying a series of parameters. The electrical energy acquires its own functionalities that are distinguished from the original ones.
- Transport devices. This type of low voltage electrical installation is connected to other electrical devices. It is usually installed in galleries and trenches, which are known as undergrounds.
- Receivers. In this last one we highlight the industrial or commercial buildings. That use this type of receiver, undoubtedly the most used.
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At Madison Electric, we have a group of highly qualified professionals to maintain. The good condition of electrical equipment throughout its useful life. In addition, we carry out periodic preventive and corrective maintenance reviews. Also discover the types of industrial electrical installations. What the Electrical Installation Certificate is or what energy efficiency is in a company.
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